This study will give comprehensive tactics for improvement of living environment in urban slum. One of the critical causes of the problem is a mismatching between social system, regulations, and technology, which was provided by the administrative, and people's value evaluation or priority-making. This study will conduct (1) analysis on urban slum's metabolism in terms of materials, energy, and values, and (2) analysis on the system of people's value judgment and decision making. 
     Regarding urban slum's metabolism, the applicant will conduct participatory observation and understand the current flow of material, energy, and values. Based on the result, the applicant will describe a crude framework of an optimal system.
     Regarding people's value judgment and decision making, the applicant will conduct questionnaire surveys and analyze the result in logistic regression and structural equation modeling. 
     Finally, the applicant will compose the proposal of social system, and present it to administrative person in Bandung city. Feedbacks will be involved in the final report and proposal.

1. Background and aims of this study
This study aimed to propose comprehensive tactics for improvement of living environment in urban slam. One of critical cause of problem is mismatching between social system, regulation, and technology, those were provided by administrative, and people’s value evaluation or priority. This study conducted (1) analysis on urban slum’s metabolism in terms of materials and value, and (2) analysis on the system of people’s value judgment and decision making. Study site was one local community in Kiaracondong district, where is known as big slum area in Bandung City, Indonesia.

2. Urban metabolism of slum area
This study visualized urban metabolism, by describing material flow and value flow, on the basis of field interview, field observation, and literature survey. According to this picture, a) dominant material and value flow passes local big bazaar (pasar Kiaracondong), b) solid wastes collection and transportation system, which is partially managed by community, is well working, c) there are many small shops and stalls, and their contribution to urban metabolism are considerable, d) most of wastewater are directly discharged to channels and river.

3. Decision making of slum dwellers
Decision making model is analyzed based on questionnaire survey for 240 residents in urban slum. According to this model, expected effective factors to decision of “installing waste water treatment system” are “influence from relatives”, “income level”, and “self-evaluation of devoutness”. Regarding the health-food (makanan sehat), more than half respondents expressed willing ness to pay extra money for health-food. Expected effective factors to decision of “purchasing health-food” are “condition of domestic economy”, and “influence of religious leader”.

4. Comprehensive tactics for improvement of living environment in urban slam
According to the results of urban metabolism analysis, waste water management seems to be key problem in this area. As one of countermeasure, using composting toilet and treating human excreta onsite, seems reasonable. Treated human excreta can be collected and transported via existing solid waste management system. This system can contribute to increase of employment chance, and rehabilitation of water environment. Furthermore, if that compost could be used in health-food production, such as organic agriculture, it creates big value not only for consumer but also for toilet users. As people’s behaviors are affected by religious sense, above mentioned system should be authorized by religious leaders.
This concept was shared with director of PDAM Bandung (Regional Water Company), and future collaboration work is now being discussed.

This study was conducted by the cooperation with Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Hokkaido University, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, and local community in Kiaracondong.